Thursday, 4 July 2013

THE MIDDLE CLASS AS LOCOMOTIVE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT



Indonesia should be proud of having a new generation of middle class people who were economically strong. A high economic growth of above 6% in the past 3 years had evidently generated a middle class of high purchasing power.

The World Bank defined middle class as individuals with daily expenditure of 2 to 20 dollars per day. The rupiah equivalent was Rp20,000 to Rp200,000 per day; indeed a remarkable amount.
               
By demography, today there were around 242 million people or 20% of indonesia’s who belonged to the middle class. A magnetic market that lured foreign and local producers to come and sell their products. It came as no surprise that foreign products were storming indoneisa’s prospective market.
               
So numerous were that imported or smuggled foreign goods which made the government exhausted to keep them away to protect local producers. Even today there were already producers who changed profession into traders and the product they sell were imported products from china which was once their competitors!
               
The government must keep watch on the trend which had been going on for the past 10 years, to keep Indonesia from changing from a producer nation to trader nation. It’s not that being a trader was bad but it was a matter of survival of the nation’s economy Indonesia would be northing but a market for other countries.
                 
Moreover many circles already stated they were not ready to join the Asean Common market [MEA] by 2016 next. What they feared was that in the MEA system local producers would end up being spectators of the game as the market was being flooded by goods from Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Brunei Darussalam, and Cambodia.
               
To keep the market from being dominated by foreign producers, the Indonesian young middle class must have the courage to forge ahead to the market front as determined entrepreneurs. They should not be contended simply being consumers just because they were rich.
               
Many criticisms were addressed to the middle class in Indonesia who tend to be consumptive. Supposedly the young middle class contributed to the endeavors of building the nation. The Indonesian middle class was rated as not contributing to the maximum to nation building. They were perceived as being consumptive, not productive and yet enormous by number today growing to more than 50 million people.
               
The over consumptive behavior of the middle class was indicated by low possession of national saving which was only 32% of indonesia’s total GDP. This figure was the lowest in Asian, even in Asia in general. Contribution of the middle class was already there as indicated by extremely high consumption which jacked up domestic consumption – somehow it would not last in the long run because if economy slumped, the middle class would shrink and the consumption sector would be down pressed.
               
Therefore the middle class should take the lead in the process of national economic advancement by contributing more. The government must be wise enough to encourage the middle class to be resolved entrepreneurs. They had access to banks, had better education and better information.
               
One of the handicaps of the middle class to start business was limited capital. To start a small scale business, they could begin by self financing, but to step up into middle business they were hindrance by the hard pre-requirements set by the bank. In this case perhaps the government and bank regulator could try to find a way out for the middle class whereby they could start to do business.
               
As with guarantee, perhaps banks could ease pre-requirements. In case of self financing, normally banks demanded 30% of business value be burdened on candidate debtor, so in the future the prerequirements would be made easy. In case of business legality it should also be considered to make it easy.
               
If the pre-requirements be made easy but not eliminated, the middle class would be motivated to do business; small business at the start and to be developed into middle business years after; and perhaps in two or three decades some of them might grow into big corporate.
               
To keep Indonesia from falling into the middle class trap, it was advisable for the government to aggressively build basic infra structures. The basic infra structures would stimulate the small business to be business oriented, they would be motivated to be come entrepreneurs’.
               
With better infra-structures, the middle class would be more than ready to embark on business, they did not have to lose time thinking about bad infra-structure. As known, bad basic infra-structure posed as hindrance and disincentive to the middle class to start business.
               
In the future the government needed to open education and training facilities in entrepreneurship in universities and academy. This was to offer alternative and opportunity to the middle class to choose a profession in the future. Entrepreneurship was not built overnight.  The right mentality must be built, taught and developed; it could be by education or autodidact.
               
By offering convenience for the middle class to choose their career path, Indonesia would not only be saved from the middle class trap and economic overheating, but would also strengthen fundamental economy in the long run. It would be great pity if the role of middle class of middle class in Indonesia could not be maximized whereby they could contribute to the nation’s economic development. (SS). 


Business News - April 24,2013

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